Esineiden internetin esiinmarssista on puhuttu jo vuosia ja sitä on pidetty jopa internetin hyödyntämisen suurimpana kehitysaskeleena. Vaikka asia on ollut pinnalla, se on kuitenkin silti jollain tavalla vaivihkaa, ehkä jopa yllätyksellisestikin, tullut monessa tapauksessa lähelle arkea. Toisaalta tämä on luonnollista, koska teknologiaa ei myydä IoT-kärjellä vaan enemmänkin mahdollisuuksien kautta. Teknologialle on siis jonkinlainen tarve ja sen täytyy olla arkikäytössä riittävän helppoa ja huomaamatonta.
Otetaanpa esimerkiksi vaikka autoissa yleistyneet etäohjausmahdollisuudet. Yksi yleinen, jo monille arkipäiväistynyt, IoT:n käyttökohde on auton lämmityksen ohjaus. Sähkö- tai polttoainekäyttöinen lämmitin, istuimien ja ohjauspyörän lämmitykset voidaan käynnistää kännykän avulla mistä tahansa ja vartissa auto on mukavan lämmin ajoon ilman suunniteltuja ajastuksia. IoT avaa myös täysin uudenlaisia palvelumahdollisuuksia. Verkkokauppa Amazon ja Volvo tarjoavat yhteistyössä mahdollisuuden käyttää auton tavaratilaa henkilökohtaisena pakettiautomaattina. Tesla on vienyt autojensa ominaisuudet niin pitkälle, että auton voi kutsua matkapuhelimella parkkipaikan toiselta puolelta vaikkapa kaupan eteen noutamaan sinut ja ostoksesi tai auto lähettää aamulla autotallin ovelle avauskomennon ja ajaa itsensä valmiiksi ulos odottamaan kuljettajaa. Esimerkkejä on valtavasti. Kodin valoja voidaan ohjata ja ajastaa etänä niin, että asunto näyttää asutulta matkojen aikana. Asunnon ovi voidaan avata matkapuhelimella kukkien kastelijalle tai avaimensa unohtaneelle lapselle. Vesijohtoon liitetty laitteisto ilmoittaa vuodoista ja kertoo hämmästyttävän tarkkaa tietoa vedenkulutustottumuksista. Lämmityksen ohjaus voidaan toteuttaa niin, että se hyödyntää ajallisesti alhaisimpia markkinahintoja. Listaa näppäristä arkea ja turvallisuutta helpottavista IoT-sovelluksista voisi jatkaa loputtomiin.
Jos Iot kerran aidosti helpottaa niin monessa tapauksessa arkea ja tuo jopa kustannussäästöjä, niin mikä on sitten kolikon kääntöpuoli?
Kuten kaikessa julkisen verkon yli tapahtuvassa toiminnassa, tietoturva on keskeisessä roolissa myös IoT-sovelluksissa. Ja kuinka ollakaan, se näyttää monessa tapauksessa jopa unohtuneen kokonaan. Tällä on monesta syystä kauaskantoiset vaikutukset. IoT-laitteita on nimittäin valtava määrä ja niiden määrä myös kasvaa hurjaa vauhtia. Erään arvion mukaan vuonna 2020 laitteita on 30 miljardia ja vuonna 2025 jopa 75 miljardia. Myös niiden aiheuttama dataliikenne on valtavaa. Se lasketaan vuositasolla kymmenissä zetatavuissa (zetatavu = tuhat miljardia gigatavua). Lienee päivänselvää, että jo käytössä olevien laitteiden tietoturva-asioita ei saada parsittua kuntoon, etenkään kuluttajalaitteissa, joita määrästä on yli puolet.
Tietoturvan heikko taso on haaste yhtä lailla kotiverkoissa kuin yritysverkoissakin. Kotiverkkojen ylläpito on muutenkin monesti harrastusluonteista ja kun siihen vielä lisätään heikon tietoturvan IoT-laite, niin tilanne on todella otollinen verkkohyökkäyksille. Kukapa haluaisi, että esimerkiksi perheen arjen helpottamiseksi tarkoitettu IoT-laite avaankin verkkorikollisille pääsyn esimerkiksi kodin valvontakameroihin tai lukitusjärjestelmään. Näin siis voi käydä, vaikka itse kohdelaitteen tietoturva olisikin ulkoverkon suuntaan kunnossa, jos samassa sisäverkossa toimii jokin heikon tietoturvan omaava laite. Vaikka yritysten verkot ovat lähtökohtaisesti ammattimaisemmin ylläpidettyjä, voi samankaltainen tilanne syntyä esimerkiksi älykellon tai muun sen kaltaisen laitteen heikon tietoturvan aiheuttamana. Kyberturvallisuusyritys Zscalerin tutkimuksissa ilmeni, että yli 80% käytössä olevista IoT-laitteista on täysin suojaamattomia. Työsarkaa siis riittää lähes loputtomasti, jos kaikki laitteet halutaan edes kohtuullisesti tietoturvallisiksi. Helpompi tapa on eristää IoT-laitteita omiin verkkoihinsa, mutta samalla menetetään osa hyödyistä, eikä sillä kuitenkaan paikata kaikkia heikon laitekohtaisen tietoturvan haittoja.
Yksi merkittävä IoT-laitteiden yleistymisen mahdollistaja on tietenkin raha. Vuonna 2020 IoT-sovellusten ympärillä pyörivän markkinan kooksi arvioidaan yli 7 biljoonaa dollaria (biljoona = tuhat miljardia). Taloudellinen potentiaali on siis valtava ja osa siitä on luonnollisesti hyödynnettävissä myös kotimaisin voimin. Tämä potentiaali ei tarkoita pelkästään uusien laitteiden kehittämistä. Olemassa olevien laitteiden asianmukaisesta tietoturvasta huolehtiminen, tavalla tai toisella, on ja tulee olemaan keskeinen osa kehitystä.
No – pitäisikö koko IoT perua? Ei sentään mutta tarkkana pitää olla, etteivät haitat polje hyötyjä alleen.
Pekka Hiippala
Tohtoriopiskelija
Tekniikan ja Innovaatiojohtamisen yksikkö
Hyvä keskustelunaloitus provosoivalla otsikollaan. Asia on hyvä, teema tärkeä. IoT avaa todella paljon arkea helpottavia ratkaisuja, mutta tietoturva on suuri riskitekijä niin tässä kuin muissakin tietotekniikkaa koskevissa kysymyksissä. Itse olen huolissani turvallisuuskysymyksistä, jopa siinä määrin, että se vaikuttaa ratkaisuihini hyödyntää erilaisten laitteiden etäohjausominaisuuksia. Mainitsit hyviä esimerkkejä riskeistä. Olin taannoin Pori Jazzeilla kuuntelemassa paneelia aiheesta ”voiko leivänpaahdin ryhtyä Kyberhyökkäykseen”. Siellä esimerkkinä oli mm. pienkodinkoneiden mahdollinen osallistuminen esim. virtuaalivaluuttojen louhintaan. On hienoa, että näitä turva-asioita tutkitaan ja pidetään keskustelua yllä.
Menestystä väikkäriin!
Anchor Tag is one of the most crucial one in Seo Aspects. It aids to create an relate to pertinent text on website/blog or a websites. likewise it refers to others web links to our site, if we do it effectively that is referred as back links by significant Online search engine like Google.
Your means of explaining all in this paragraph
is in fact nice, every one can easily understand it, Thanks a lot.
Really no matter if someone doesn’t know after that its up to
other viewers that they will help, so here it happens.
Terrific work! This is the type of information that
should be shared across the internet. Disgrace on Google for not
positioning this put up upper! Come on over and seek advice from my website .
Thanks =)
Hello to all, how is the whole thing, I think every one is getting more from this web site,
and your views are nice for new people.
I am sure this article has touched all the internet
users, its really really fastidious piece of writing
on building up new weblog.
Very good info. Lucky me I recently found your website by chance (stumbleupon).
I have bookmarked it for later!
Ꮃith havin so much content do yⲟu ever run into any problems of pⅼagorism or copyrigһt infrіngement?
My blog has a lot оf exclusive content I’ve either autһߋred myself or outsourced but it appears a lot
of it is popping it up ɑll oѵer the web without my agreement.
Do you know any methods to heⅼp гeduce content from being
ripped off? I’d truly appreciate it.
What i do not understood is if truth be told how you are not
actually much more well-liked than you may be now. You are so intelligent.
You know therefore considerably when it comes to this
matter, produced me for my part imagine it from numerous various angles.
Its like men and women are not fascinated until it is one thing to do with Girl gaga!
Your individual stuffs great. All the time take care of it
up!
I really like it whenever people get together and
share ideas. Great website, continue the good work!
I’m not sure exactly why but this web site is loading extremely slow for me.
Is anyone else having this problem or is it a issue on my end?
I’ll check back later and see if the problem still exists.
Hi, just wanted to tell you, I enjoyed this blog post. It was helpful.
Keep on posting!
I have read so many articles or reviews about the blogger lovers but this piece
of writing is genuinely a fastidious post, keep it up.
I was curious if you ever considered changing the layout
of your blog? Its very well written; I love what youve got to say.
But maybe you could a little more in the way of content so people could connect
with it better. Youve got an awful lot of text for only having
one or two pictures. Maybe you could space it out better?
Attractive section of content. I just stumbled upon your blog and in accession capital
to assert that I acquire in fact enjoyed account your blog posts.
Any way I will be subscribing to your augment and
even I achievement you access consistently fast.
Hi there, its pleasant post on the topic of media print, we all be aware of media is a impressive source of data.
I absolutely love your blog and find the majority of your post’s to be exactly what I’m
looking for. Does one offer guest writers to write content for
you? I wouldn’t mind composing a post or elaborating on a few of the subjects you
write in relation to here. Again, awesome web site!
Quality articles is the secret to invite the viewers to visit the web page, that’s what this site is providing.
Do you mind if I quote a couple of your articles as long as I provide
credit and sources back to your webpage?
My blog site is in the very same area of interest as yours and
my visitors would really benefit from some of the information you present
here. Please let me know if this okay with you. Cheers!
Hiya! Quick question that’s completely off topic.
Do you know how to make your site mobile friendly? My web site looks weird when browsing from
my apple iphone. I’m trying to find a theme or plugin that
might be able to resolve this problem. If you
have any recommendations, please share. Many thanks!
Do you have any video of that? I’d want to find out
some additional information.
constantly i used to read smaller posts which also clear their motive,
and that is also happening with this post which I
am reading at this time.
When someone writes an paragraph he/she retains the image of a user
in his/her brain that how a user can be aware of it.
Thus that’s why this paragraph is amazing. Thanks!
Hi it’s me, I am also visiting this web site daily, this site is truly fastidious and the visitors are genuinely sharing good thoughts.
I don’t know if it’s just me or if everybody else encountering problems with your website.
It looks like some of the text within your posts are running off the screen. Can somebody else please provide feedback and let me know if this is happening to them as well?
This could be a issue with my internet browser because I’ve had this happen before.
Many thanks
I’ve been browsing online more than 2 hours today, yet I never found any interesting
article like yours. It is pretty worth enough for me.
In my opinion, if all webmasters and bloggers made good
content as you did, the internet will be much more useful than ever
before.
I’m really impressed along with your writing abilities and also with the layout in your blog.
Is that this a paid subject or did you customize it yourself?
Either way stay up the nice high quality writing, it’s
rare to look a great blog like this one today..
Excellent site you have got here.. It’s hard to
find high quality writing like yours these days.
I honestly appreciate individuals like you! Take
care!!
What’s up, always i used to check website posts here early in the
morning, as i enjoy to learn more and more.
Nice post. I learn something new and challenging on blogs I stumbleupon everyday.
It’s always interesting to read through articles from
other authors and use something from other web sites.
Wonderful beat ! I would like to apprentice at the same
time as you amend your web site, how can i subscribe for
a weblog web site? The account aided me a appropriate deal.
I had been tiny bit acquainted of this your broadcast provided brilliant transparent concept
Simply want to say your article is as amazing. The clearness in your post is
simply cool and i can assume you are an expert on this
subject. Well with your permission let me to grab your RSS
feed to keep updated with forthcoming post.
Thanks a million and please carry on the enjoyable work.
whoah this weblog is great i love studying your articles.
Stay up the great work! You already know, many persons are hunting round for this information, you could help them greatly.
This article presents clear idea designed for the new users of
blogging, that truly how to do blogging and site-building.
I have read so many articles concerning the blogger
lovers except this post is really a nice post, keep it up.
Hey! I know this is kind of off topic but I was wondering if you
knew where I could get a captcha plugin for my comment form?
I’m using the same blog platform as yours and I’m having problems
finding one? Thanks a lot!
I don’t even understand how I stopped up here, however I believed this put up used to be great.
I do not recognise who you are however definitely you are going to a well-known blogger if you happen to aren’t already.
Cheers!
Thank you for another excellent post. The place else could anybody get that type of info in such an ideal method of writing?
I have a presentation subsequent week, and I am at the search for such information.
Hey there! I know this is kinda off topic but I’d figured I’d ask.
Would you be interested in exchanging links or maybe guest writing a blog article or vice-versa?
My site discusses a lot of the same subjects as yours and
I think we could greatly benefit from each other. If you are interested feel free to shoot me
an email. I look forward to hearing from you! Awesome blog by the way!
Very rapidly this web page will be famous amid all blogging
and site-building users, due to it’s good content
My developer is trying to persuade me to move to .net from PHP.
I have always disliked the idea because of the
expenses. But he’s tryiong none the less. I’ve been using Movable-type on several websites for about a
year and am nervous about switching to another platform.
I have heard fantastic things about blogengine.net.
Is there a way I can import all my wordpress posts into it?
Any help would be greatly appreciated!
Superb, what a website it is! This web site
presents useful data to us, keep it up.
Thank you for the good writeup. It in fact was a entertainment account it.
Glance complex to far brought agreeable from you! By the way, how could we keep in touch?
What i don’t understood is in fact how you are now not actually a lot more well-favored than you may be now.
You are so intelligent. You realize thus considerably in relation to this subject,
made me for my part believe it from numerous various angles.
Its like women and men aren’t interested unless it is
one thing to accomplish with Girl gaga! Your individual stuffs outstanding.
Always take care of it up!
Magnificent items from you, man. I’ve bear in mind your stuff previous to and you are simply extremely wonderful.
I actually like what you have received right here, really like
what you are stating and the best way through which you
assert it. You’re making it entertaining and you continue
to care for to stay it smart. I can not wait to read far more from you.
This is actually a wonderful web site.
Hello there! This post couldn’t be written any better!
Looking at this article reminds me of my previous roommate!
He continually kept preaching about this. I
most certainly will forward this information to him.
Pretty sure he’ll have a good read. Many thanks for sharing!
Wow, marvelous blog layout! How long have you been blogging for?
you made blogging look easy. The overall look of your web site is wonderful, as well as the content!
When I initially commented I clicked the ”Notify me when new comments are added” checkbox and now
each time a comment is added I get several e-mails with the same
comment. Is there any way you can remove me from that service?
Bless you!
I’ve been exploring for a little for any
high-quality articles or weblog posts in this kind of area .
Exploring in Yahoo I ultimately stumbled upon this website.
Reading this information So i’m glad to convey that I have a very just right uncanny feeling I found out
just what I needed. I such a lot indubitably will make certain to do not forget this website and give it a
glance regularly.
Appreciating the dedication you put into your site and in depth information you present.
It’s awesome to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same outdated rehashed material.
Fantastic read! I’ve bookmarked your site and I’m adding your
RSS feeds to my Google account.
Hi there just wanted to give you a quick heads up.
The words in your post seem to be running off the screen in Ie.
I’m not sure if this is a formatting issue or something to
do with web browser compatibility but I figured I’d post to let
you know. The layout look great though! Hope you get the issue
resolved soon. Thanks
Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as
though you relied on the video to make your point.
You definitely know what youre talking about, why waste your intelligence on just posting videos to your
weblog when you could be giving us something enlightening to read?
Heya i am for the first time here. I came across this
board and I find It truly useful & it helped me out much.
I hope to give something back and help others like
you aided me.
I’m not sure where you are getting your info, but good topic.
I needs to spend some time learning more or understanding more.
Thanks for excellent info I was looking for this info for my mission.
I was suggested this blog by my cousin. I am not sure whether this post
is written by him as no one else know such detailed about my trouble.
You are amazing! Thanks!
I’ve been browsing on-line greater than three hours lately, yet I by no means found any fascinating article like yours.
It is pretty value enough for me. In my view, if all site owners and bloggers made good content material as
you probably did, the net will be much more useful than ever before.
Have you ever thought about including a little bit more than just your articles?
I mean, what you say is important and everything. Nevertheless think of if you added some great photos or video clips to
give your posts more, ”pop”! Your content is excellent but with pics and videos, this blog could certainly be one of the most beneficial in its field.
Fantastic blog!
Hey there! Someone in my Facebook group shared this site with us so
I came to check it out. I’m definitely enjoying the information.
I’m book-marking and will be tweeting this to my followers!
Wonderful blog and wonderful style and design.
Greetings, There’s no doubt that your website could be having browser compatibility issues.
Whenever I look at your site in Safari, it looks fine however,
if opening in Internet Explorer, it’s got some overlapping
issues. I simply wanted to provide you with a quick heads up!
Besides that, excellent website!
Everything is very open with a clear description of the issues.
It was truly informative. Your site is extremely helpful.
Thank you for sharing!
Spot on with this write-up, I really think this amazing site needs
much more attention. I’ll probably be back again to read more, thanks
for the advice!
Everything is very open with a very clear description of the challenges.
It was definitely informative. Your website is very helpful.
Thanks for sharing!
Hi there Dear, are you actually visiting this web page daily, if so then you will without
doubt obtain good know-how.
Hey there would you mind sharing which blog
platform you’re working with? I’m going to start my own blog soon but I’m having a hard
time choosing between BlogEngine/Wordpress/B2evolution and Drupal.
The reason I ask is because your design and style seems different
then most blogs and I’m looking for something unique.
P.S Sorry for being off-topic but I had to ask!
Keep on writing, great job!
Good day! Do you use Twitter? I’d like to follow you if that would be
okay. I’m absolutely enjoying your blog and look forward to new posts.
This is really fascinating, You are a very professional blogger.
I’ve joined your feed and sit up for in the hunt for more of your wonderful post.
Also, I have shared your web site in my social networks
If some one wants to be updated with hottest technologies then he must be visit this web page and be up to date all the time.
Attractive section of content. I just stumbled upon your website and in accession capital to assert that I
get actually enjoyed account your blog posts. Any way
I will be subscribing to your augment and even I achievement you
access consistently quickly.